संगणक म्हणजे काय?

काल माझा जिवलग मित्र भेटला होता. असो, नाक दाबल्यावर तोंड उघडते अस म्हणतात ते काही चुकीच नाही. दुपारी जेवणानंतर सहज कामाविषयी विषय निघाला. तो मला माझ्या कामातील एका गोष्टीची माहिती विचारात होता. त्याला तो विषय समजून सांगण्यासाठी त्याला सहज प्रश्न केला की ‘संगणक म्हणजे काय?’. तो म्हणाला ‘म्हणजे?’. त्याला म्हटलं ‘ मला व्याख्या नको सांगू. मला फक्त एवढ सांग की संगणक कशाला म्हणायचं‘. तो थोडा वेळ थांबून म्हणाला की ‘टीव्हीची सुधारित आवृत्ती म्हणजे संगणक‘. झालं! दोन पाच मिनिटे मला हसूच आवरलं नाही. साहेब पाच वर्षांपासून ‘संगणक‘ क्षेत्रात कार्यरत आहेत. आणि साहेबांचा हुद्दा देखील मोठा आहे. पण संगणक म्हणजे नेमक काय याच उत्तर देता आले नाही. मग म्हणाला ‘संगणक म्हणजे मनोरंजनाचे साधन‘. मग काय अजून हसू आवरेना.

कस बस हसू आवरत म्हणल, ‘ते सोड, समज मी कधी संगणक पहिलाच नाही. आणि आता मला सांग की संगणक कसा असतो ते‘. मग का स्वारी आधीच या प्रश्नाने हैराण झालेली. मला म्हणाला ‘घरी चल संगणक कसा असतो ते दाखवतो‘. त्याला बोललो ‘अस नाही उत्तर दे‘. मग तो म्हणाला ‘तू सांग, एखाद उदाहरण‘. त्याला म्हणालो ‘ टीव्ही जर एखाद्याने पहिला नसेल. आणि त्यांनी मला टीव्ही बद्दल विचाराल तर मी त्याला अस सांगेन, टीव्ही म्हणजे अस खोकं की ज्याच्यात आपण गाणी, मालिका, बातम्या आणि चित्रपट पाहू शकतो‘. मग म्हणाला ‘संगणक म्हणजे ज्यात आपण चित्रपट, गाणी बघू शकतो‘. झालं त्याला काही नीट उत्तर देता येत नव्हत. मी नगरला दोन करत होतो. त्यावेळी दोघांच्या वेळेत खूप अंतर होते. मग करायचं काय म्हणून मी एका सरकारमान्य इन्स्टिट्यूटमध्ये ‘मायक्रोसॉफ्ट ऑफिस‘ शिकवायचो. पार्टटाईम असून देखील पगार चांगला मिळायचा. आणि घरी सुद्धा मी नोकरी करतो म्हणून सगळे खुश.

तिथ कोणी नवीन संगणक शिकायला विद्यार्थी आला की मी त्याला सुरवातीला हा प्रश्न विचारायचो. बर येणाऱ्या विद्यार्थ्यात आणि माझ्यात वयात काहीच अंतर नसायचे त्यामुळे मला त्यांना, आणि त्यांना मला कधी असे वेगळे किंवा शिक्षक आणि विद्यार्थी अस काही रहायचेच नाही. दोस्तच बनून जायचे. त्यावेळी देखील संगणक शिकायचे आहे असे बरेच विद्यार्थी असायचे. पण कोणालाच ‘संगणक म्हणजे काय?’ याचे उत्तर येत नसायचे. कारण कोणी या प्रश्नाचा विचारच केलेला नसायचा. जस माझ्या मित्रच झालं. एकदा हा प्रश्न मी माझ्या कोर्सच्या शिक्षिकेला केला होता. प्रश्न विचारल्यावर सगळे मुले मुली हसत बसले. आणि त्यामुळे माझ्या शिक्षिकेला वाटलं मी तिची चेष्टा करत आहे. मग काय, माझ्यावर रागावल्या की असले फालतू प्रश्न विचारात जावू नको म्हणून. असो, माझा मित्र म्हणाला ‘तू सांग, संगणक म्हणजे काय?’. त्याला म्हणालो ‘बघ, संगणक ही अशी मशीन आहे की ज्यात इनपुट टाकल्यावर त्यावर प्रक्रिया होऊन त्याच तुला हवं तस आउटपुट येत‘. त्याला काहीच समजलं नाही.

एखादी माहिती हवी छापील स्वरुपात हवी आहे. आपण संगणकावर बसून कीबोर्डच्या सहाय्याने माहिती लिहितो, तयार करतो. आणि ती माहिती प्रिंटरच्या साह्याने छापील स्वरुपात बाहेर काढतो. उदाहरण खुपंच शुल्लक दिल. पण नवीन असणाऱ्याला तुम्ही संगणकातील घटक, त्याची प्रक्रिया किंवा सोफ्टवेअर बद्दल सांगायला गेले तर त्याच्या सगळेच डोक्यावरतून जाते. असो,  त्याला वेग वेगळी उदाहरणे दिल्यावर त्याला पटले. पण प्रश्न खूप साधा आहे. आणि आपण अनेक पद्धतीने याचे उत्तरही देवू शकतो. फक्त प्रश्न असा आहे की, या लहान लहान गोष्टी दुर्लक्षित केल्यावर कधी कुणी विचारल्या तर गफलत होते. बाकी काल जाम मजा आली.

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MOS: Microsoft Office Excel 2007	Exam 77-602	Rs. 2500
MOS: Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007	Exam 77-603	Rs. 2500
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Why you need a Firewall

What is a firewall (and why you need one)?

A firewall is protective barrier between you and the rest of the computers you are connected to. When you go on to the internet you are visible to the outside world. (If you weren’t, then there would be no way to get a web page to your browser!) You are visible through something called a port. A port is service available to you. There are many thousands of these ports (services), and each is given a number. The three ports (services) you use most often are the world wide web (port 80), Incoming email (typically port 110), and outgoing email (usually port 25). The idea of a firewall is to close off the ports (services) you’re not using. If you don’t, then your open ports are an invitation to others to raid your computer! If you only have one piece of security software on your computer then it has to be a firewall. Unless your computer is not connected to the outside world, this is a must-have.

What kind of things can happen if I don’t have a firewall?

If you do a fresh install of Windows XP, and leave it unpatched, your computer will be attacked within minutes. You’ll be attacked through your open ports, and bombarded with popup messages; Trojans, viruses and worms will be loaded behind your back; Spyware and Malware will clog up your browser. In fact, PC Format magazine recently (issue 194) ran this very experiment. Their unprotected PC was unusable after about 2 and half hours! Having a firewall in place would have prevented some of these attacks. (But not all – XP should have Service Packs 1 and 2 installed before it’s allowed on the internet.)

Even if you have all of XP’s service packs and updates, not having a firewall means somebody will eventually find an open port on your computer. If they can install a Trojan on to your PC, they’ll be able to control it! (See our Trojan section for more details on this topic.)

How Firewalls help protect you

Most firewalls, like the one built into Windows XP, will alert you about suspicious incoming traffic. Anyone trying to gain access to your PC will hit the firewall first. The firewall deflects the attack, and gives you a warning about it. But a good firewall like ZoneAlarm will also warn you about suspicious outgoing traffic (XP’s own firewall doesn’t do this). So the best firewalls do both – tell you about incoming and outgoing traffic.

 
 

The Types of Firewall

For the general user, you can place firewalls into two simple categories: hardware and software. A hardware firewall can be a router that sits between your computer and the outside world. You can plug more computers into the router, and each will be protected by the firewall that’s part of the router.

A software firewall is one like ZoneAlarm. You install it on your PC, and it will hide open ports, deflect incoming attacks, and warn you about suspicious outgoing traffic. For added protection, you can have a software firewall on each computer that sits behind the router. An attacker would have to be very determined to get through your router’s firewall and your software firewall!

Which firewall should I get?

If you have something like a wireless router then you’ll probably already have a firewall. You should check your router’s configuration pages to make sure it’s turned on. (Some of them are actually turned OFF by default!) Once your router’s firewall is turned on, you can install a software firewall on each PC that’s connected to the router, just for added protection.

If you’re not behind a router, then you need a software firewall. If you have Internet Security software like Kaspersky then it will probably include a firewall as well. You should check, though. If you haven’t got any Internet Security software then we highly recommend the free version of ZoneAlarm. This piece of software has been available from ZoneLabs for some time, and has a very good reputation.

IT Solutions Recommended Free Firewall: ZoneAlarm Basic

But to recap: If you don’t have a firewall, and your computer is connected to the Internet, you NEED to get one!

शॉर्टकट फाईल कशी बनवाल ?

 
कॉम्प्युटरमध्ये आपल्या सर्व फाईल्स निरनिराळ्या फोल्डर्समध्ये ठेवलेल्या असतात. तसेच आपल्या फाईल्स व्यवस्थित रहाव्यात व लवकर मिळाव्यात म्हणून आपण त्या निरनिराळ्या फोल्डर्समध्ये आणि कॉम्प्युटरमधल्या निरनिराळ्या ड्राईव्ह मध्ये ठेवतो. उदा. (C:) , (D:) , (E:)  इ.

मग एखादी फाईल आपणास उघडायची असल्यास आपण ती फाईल जेथे ठेवलेली असेल तेथे जावून त्यावर डबल क्लिक ( Double Click ) करुन ती फाईल उघडतो. बर्‍याच वेळा आपणास हवी असलेली आवश्यक फाईल आपण कुठे ठेवली आहे ते आठवत नाही आणि शोधण्यात विनाकारण वेळ वाया जातो. हा वेळ वाचविण्यासाठी त्या फाईलची शॉर्टकट जर डेस्कटॉपवर ( कॉम्प्युटरचे सुरुवातीचे पान ) ठेवली तर नेहमी ती फाईल उघडण्यासाठी शोधाशोध करण्यापेक्षा त्या  शॉर्टकटवर डबल क्लिक ( Double Click ) केल्यास ती फाईल लगेच सापडेल व उघडली जाईल.

शॉर्टकट करण्यासाठी खालिल क्रिया करा.

१ ) आपणास ज्या फाईलची शॉर्टकट करायची आहे तीथे जा.

२) ज्या फाईलची शॉर्टकट करायची आहे तीला माऊसने राईट क्लिक ( Right Click ) करा.

३) आता बाजूला येणार्‍या चौकोनातील ‘ Send To ‘  विभागातील ‘ Desktop (create shortcut) ‘ वर क्लिक करा.

४) असे केल्याने डेस्कटॉपवर ( कॉम्प्युटरचे सुरुवातीचे पान ) त्या फाईलची शॉर्टकट बनेल.

तसेच

५ ) त्याच चौकोनातील ‘ Create Shortcut ‘  वर क्लिक केल्यास त्या फाईलची शॉर्टकट तिथेच तयार होईल मग ती शॉर्टकटची फाईल तूम्ही जीथे न्याल तेथून ती मूळ फाईल उघडता येईल.

टिप : लक्ष्यात असू द्या की शॉर्टकटची फाईल ही खरंतर मुख्य फाईल उघडण्याची सोय असते, या शॉर्टकट फाईलवर डबल क्लिक ( Double Click ) केल्यास मुख्य फाईल उघडते. तुम्ही फाईलमध्ये केलेले सर्व बदल मुख्य फाईल होतात, म्हणून जर एखाद्याला/दुसरीकडे जर ही फाईल द्यायची असेल तर शॉर्टकट फाईल देवू नका, त्यांच्याकडे ती उघडणार नाही.  कारण तुम्ही केलेली शॉर्टकट फाईल ही फक्त शॉर्टकट बनविलेल्याच कॉम्प्युटरवरच चालेल.

कि-बोर्ड वरील शॉर्टकट्स

कि-बोर्ड वरील शॉर्टकट्स

सर्वसामान्य शॉर्टकट्स

CTRL+C : कॉपी

CTRL+X : कट

CTRL+V : पेस्ट

CTRL+Z : अनडू

DELETE : डिलिट

SHIFT+DELETE : एखादी फाईल कायमची डिलिट करण्यासाठी

F2 key : रिनेम : फाईलचे नाव बदलण्यासाठी

SHIFT : एकापेक्षा जास्त गोष्टी सिलेक्ट करण्यासाठी

CTRL+A : सिलेक्ट ऑल : सर्व सिलेक्ट करण्यासाठी

F3 key : फाईल अथवा फोल्डर शोधण्यासाठी

ALT+F4 : चालू प्रोग्राम बंद करण्यासाठी

CTRL+F4 : एखाद्या प्रोग्राममधिल चालू फाईल बंद करण्यासाठी

ALT+TAB : चालू असलेल्या प्रोग्राममध्ये स्थलांतर करण्यासाठी

ALT+ESC : प्रोग्रामांमध्ये उघडलेल्या क्रमाने स्थलांतर करण्यासाठी

SHIFT+F10 : एखाद्या सिलेक्ट केलेल्या गोष्टीसाठी शॉर्टकट

CTRL+ESC : स्टार्ट मेनू सुरु करण्यासाठी

F10 : चालू प्रोग्रामचा मेनू बार उघडण्यासाठी

F5 : चालू प्रोग्राम रिफ्रेश (अद्ययावत) करण्यासाठी

ESC : चालू प्रोग्राममधिल एखादी घटना (कमांड) रद्द करण्यासाठी

CTRL+SHIFT+ESC : टास्क मॅनेजर सुरु करण्यासाठी

कि-बोर्ड वरील विंडोज बटणातील शॉर्टकट्स

Windows Logo : स्टार्ट मेनू सुरु करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + BREAK : ‘System Properties’ सुरु करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + D : डेस्कटॉपवर जाण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + M : सर्व चालू प्रोग्राम मिनिमाईझ करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + E : ‘My Computer’ सुरु करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + F : फाईल अथवा फोल्डर शोधण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + F1 : विंडोज हेल्प सुरु करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + L : कि-बोर्ड लॉक करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + R : विंडोज रन सुरु करण्यासाठी

Windows Logo + U : ‘Utility Manager’ सुरु करण्यासाठी

विंडोज एक्सप्लोरर मधिल शॉर्टकट्स

END : चालू प्रोग्रामच्या खाली जाण्यासाठी

HOME : चालू प्रोग्रामच्या वर जाण्यासाठी

NUM LOCK + Asterisk sign (*) : तुम्ही असलेल्या चालू फोल्डर मधिल सर्व सबफोल्डर उघडण्यासाठी

NUM LOCK + Plus sign (+) : तुम्ही असलेल्या चालू फोल्डर मधिल सबफोल्डर बघण्यासाठी

NUM LOCK + Minus sign (-) : तुम्ही असलेल्या चालू फोल्डरला बंद करण्यासाठी

LEFT ARROW : तुम्ही असलेल्या चालू फोल्डरला उघडण्यासाठी

RIGHT ARROW : तुम्ही असलेल्या चालू फोल्डरला बंद करण्यासाठी

इंटरनेट एक्सप्लोरर मधिल शॉर्टकट्स

CTRL + B : ‘Organize Favorites’ चालू करण्यासाठी

CTRL + E : ‘Search bar’ चालू करण्यासाठी

CTRL + F : ‘ Find ‘ : शोधण्यासाठी

CTRL + H : ‘ History ‘ : आधी पाहीलेल्या वेबसाईटची यादी बघण्यसाठी

CTRL + I : ‘Favorites’ आवडत्या वेबसाईटची यादी बघण्यसाठी

CTRL + L : नविन वेबसाईट उघडण्यासाठी

CTRL + O : नविन वेबसाईट उघडण्यासाठी

CTRL + N : नविन पानामध्ये चालू असलेली वेबसाईट पून्हा उघडण्यासाठी

CTRL + P : प्रिंट करण्यासाठी

CTRL + R : ‘ Refresh ‘ : चालू वेबसाईटचे पान अद्ययावत ( रिफ्रेश ) करण्यासाठी

Having Fun with MS Paint

Start Paint:

Start>Programs>Accessories>Paint.

The Canvas:

The area above is called the Canvas. We will begin to work on the canvas after introducing the other essential assets of the program. The next section we will cover is the Toolbar. This is what allows you to make pictures and add text to your canvas.

The Toolbar:

Each icon on the toolbar represent different modes of the program. By default, the pencil mode is active, as you can see it indented on the left. The pencil button is used to draw free-form lines. You can also draw straight lines by using the mouse and Shift key together. Go to the paint program and try drawing with the pencil.

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Color Palette:

Left click to choose the foreground color, and right click selects the background color. To choose more colors, click on colors on the standard toolbar, then select edit colors.

The Line Tool:

The Line button is used to draw a straight lines. Select the line button from the toolbox. You will notice that when you select the line button, a line width box will appear (shown below). You can now select the width you would like your line to be. You can also pick a line color from the color palette. Left click the color you wish to use as your foreground color. Right click the color you wish to use as your background color.

Line Width:

You can also choose a different size line width by clicking on one of the line width buttons shown on your left. Practice drawing several different line widths on your canvas.

 
 

To draw perfectly horizontal, vertical, or 45 degree angle lines, press and hold the shift key while drawing the line. Practice making straight lines on your canvas. To clear your canvas when you are done, go to edit on your standard toolbar, choose select all, then click the delete key. Your canvas is now ready for you to move on and experiment with curved lines.

The Curve Line Tool:

The curve button is used to draw curved lines. You will notice that when you select this button you are also given the line width selection. You may also choose a line color. To draw with this button, draw a straight line by dragging the mouse pointer. Click where you want one arc of the curve to be, and then drag the mouse pointer to adjust the curve. Each curve must have at least one arc but no more than two. Repeat this step for a second arc. Left click gives you the foreground color, where right click gives you the background color. Practice making curve lines on your canvas. Remember to clear your canvas when you are finished in order to experiment with the other buttons we are going to cover.

The Rectangle Tool:

The rectangle button is used to create square cornered squares or rectangles. Click a color from the color palette for the shape’s outline. Again you will notice that you have a choice of fill styles. The top button represents a thin line with an open center. If the bottom style button is chosen, the entire rectangle/square will be solid. To fill the shape with color, choose the color you wish to fill with, then select the paint can from the toolbox and click inside the shape.

• To draw a rectangle, drag the mouse pointer diagonally in the direction you want.
  
• To draw a square press and hod down shift while dragging the mouse pointer.
  

Practice drawing rectangle and squares with different fill styles and colors. Clear your canvas when you are done. Your canvas is now ready for drawing polygons.

The Polygon Tool:

The polygon button is used to draw multi-sided shapes. Click the polygon button in the tool box, and then click a color for the polygon outline. Notice you still have your choice of fill styles. To keep your lines straight, remember to hold down the shift key as you are drawing your lines. To draw the polygon, drag the mouse pointer and click at each corner. Double-click when you are done. Practice drawing several polygons using different fill styles. Clear your canvas and lets try out the ellipse button.

The Ellipse Tool:

The ellipse button is used to draw an ellipse or circle. Click the ellipse button in the tool box. Click a color you want for the shapes outline. To fill the shape, click the color then the paint can. Click inside the shaped you wish to fill with color. Notice you have the same option of fill styles at the bottom of your toolbar. To draw an ellipse, drag the mouse pointer diagonally. To draw a perfect circle, press and hold down Shift while dragging the mouse pointer. Practice drawing an ellipse and a circle. Be sure to clear your canvas before moving on.

The Rounded Rectangle Tool:

The rounded rectangle button is used to create a round-cornered square of rectangular shape. Practice drawing a round-cornered square or rectangle. Be sure to clear your canvas when you are through.

The Free-Form Select Tool:

The free-form select button is used to select areas of the image for further processing. You may select part of a picture or an irregularly shaped area by clicking in the tool box and dragging the cursor around the area. To remove the selection box, click outside the box.

The Select Tool:

The select button is used to select rectangular areas of the image for further processing. To select part of a picture or rectangular area, click in the tool box on the select button, then drag the cursor diagonally across the area. To remove the selection box, click outside the box.

The Eraser Tool:

The Eraser button is used to erase parts or all of an image. Notice that when you select the eraser button, you have style choices to chose from. Chose the size eraser you will need, then drag the mouse pointer over the area you want to erase. To undo a change, click Edit, then undo. This will undo the last change you made.

The Pick Color Tool:

The pick color button is used to select a color you have previously used in your drawing. This lets you select a color quickly. Lets say you have drawn a house and you have blue as your sky background color. If you wish to select the same color blue you used for the sky, all you have to do is click the eyedropper button, then on the blue you wish to use. Now you are telling paint that you wish to use the blue again.

The Magnifier Tool:

The magnifier button is used to enlarge any part of a picture. Click on the magnifier button and then click the “times” magnification from the bottom of the tool box. Drag the magnifier over the area to be enlarged.

The Paint Brush Tool:

The paint brush button is used to paint objects. To paint, click on the brush button, pick a color for the color palette, then drag the mouse pointer over area to be painted.

The Airbrush Tool:

The airbrush button is used to spray paint an area. Use the left mouse button to spray with the foreground color and the right button to spray with the background color.

The Text Tool:

The text button is used to add text to a graphic image. Click this button to create a text frame by dragging the mouse pointer diagonally. You will then choose the font, size and style you want. Click inside the text frame to begin typing.

The Opaque Option Tool:

The opaque option button is used to specify that the selection will cover the existing picture, using the foreground and background colors of the selected areas. Notice the color of the square around the green box. It appears opaque.

The Transparent Option Tool:

The transparent option button is used to specify that the existing picture will show through your selection and that the background color of the selected area will not be displayed. Notice the color of the square around the green box. It appears transparent.

Now that you are the expert, you are going to create a picture in paint. Click on the Paint button below to return to the Microsoft Paint Assignments.

 

Photoshop: 101 Hidden Tips & Secrets

 

 

Hope it helps some of you out, as it did for me!

1. Press Tab will hide tool bar and palette, Shift+Tab will hide only palette.

2. Hold Shift + click the top blue bar for toolbar and palette will move them to the nearest edge.

3. Double click the top blue bar, on any palette window, to minimize it.

4. Double click the gray background will bring up open file option, Hold Shift+double click will open up the browser.

5. Sick of the default gray background around your image? Select paint bucket, hold shift and click on the gray background, it will change to whatever color you have in your foreground color box.

6. In Photoshop, all “Cancel” buttons in a window can be changed to a “Reset” button by holding Alt.

7. Caps lock will switch your cursor for accuracy.

8. Press F button, it will switch between 3 different screen modes and give you more working area.

9. To draw a straight line, click then move to the end point and hold shift + click.

10. Hold Ctrl will temporary make any tool into move tool until you release Ctrl.

11. Ctrl + Alt and click drag the image, it will make a duplication of the current image over lay on top.

12. Hold Space bar, it will make any tool into “Hand Tool” until you release Space bar.

13. While in Zoom Tool, Ctrl+space = zoom in, alt+space = zoom out.

14. Hold Ctrl and press “+” or “-” it will change the % for image in navigator window.

15. When Using eyedropper tool to capture foreground color, hold Alt and click, it will instantly capture the color for background.

16. With Measure Tool, draw a line then hold Alt and draw another line from the end of the first line, it will measure the angle.

17. Ctrl+Alt+Z and Ctrl+Shift+Z will go back and forth in the history.

18. Alt+Backspace and Ctrl+Backspace will fill in the whole screen with foreground color or background color, Shift+backspace will bring up option window, Alt+Shift+Backspace and Ctrl+Shift+Backspace, will fill the image with foreground or background color but will leave the alpha transparent area alone.

19. When free transforming with Ctrl+T, hold Alt to keep the original image and then to transform a duplicated layer of it. Ctrl+Shift+T to repeat whatever you did in the last transform.

20. To make sure your Crop is on the edge of the image, hold Ctrl while cropping.

21. Ctrl+J will duplicate the current layer.

22. Ctrl+Shift+E will merge all visible layers to one layer, Ctrl+Shift+Alt+E will make a copy of the original and merge all visible layers.

23. While using Marquee Tools, hold Alt it will make the starting point as a center of the selection.

24. Ctrl + D to deselect, Ctrl+Shift+D to reselect what you deselected.

25. While selecting with Marquee tool, pressing the space bar can allow you to move the selection.

26. Hold Shift and press “+” or “-” it will switch between the layer mode:

N = Normal
I = Dissolve
M = Multiply
S = Screen
O = Overlay
F = Soft Light
H = Hard Light
D = Color Dodge
B = Color Burn
K = Darken
G = Lighten
E = Difference
X = Exclusion
U = Hue
T = Saturation
C = Color
Y = Luminosity
Q = Behind 1
L = Threshold 2
R = Clear 3
W = Shadow 4
V = Midtones 4
Z = Highlights 4

***The shortcut works even for following situation:

***Alpha turned off, Indexed Mode, Line tool, Bucket Tools, Dodge and Burn Tools

27. While using Brush or any other tools, change the opacity by typing the number.

*** type one number for % of it’s ten times [4=40%]

***type two number for exact % [press 7 then 2 will get 72%]

28. Hold Alt while clicking on the eye icon beside the layer, it will hide all other layers.

29. Hold Alt while clicking the pen icon beside the layer, it will unchain this layer from all layers.

30. Select a layer, hold Alt and click the top edge of another layer, it will group them.

31. Hold Alt and click the button “Create a new layer”, it will create a new adjustment layer.

32. Select a layer and hold Alt, then click on the garbage can button. It will instantly delete the layer, marquee where you want alpha and Ctrl+click the “Create new channel” button, it will create an alpha only on the area you marquee.

33. File> Automate > Contact Sheet: this can create a small thumbnail for every file, this can save you some time from searching.

34. When Move Tool is selected, toolbox on top can be useful from time to time, these are “Auto select layer” and “Show bounding box”.

35. While Move Tool is selected, hold Shift (Alt+Shift+Right click) and allow whether or not to make a current layer chain with your upper layer.

36. With grid on, click the top left corner of the grid and drag to anywhere on the image to set the pivot, double clicking on the icon again reset the pivot.

37. After, draw a path on the image with pen tool, Ctrl+shift+H can hide/show it.

38. Control Navigator with keyboard sometimes can be more time efficient than mouse.

***

Home = move to top left corner
End = move to right bottom corner
PageUp = move up one page
PageDown = move down one page
Ctrl+PageUp = move left one page
Ctrl+PageDown = move right one page
Shift+PageUp = move up 10 pixel
Shift+PageDown = move down 10 pixel
Ctrl+Shift+PageUp = move left 10 pixel
Ctrl+Shift+PageDown = move right 10 pixel

39. Ctrl+Tab allows you to switch between different image files you are working on.

40. F12 = Revert to how the file was the last time you saved it.

41. Shortcuts for Channel: RGB, CMYK, indexed color…

***

Ctrl+”~” = RGB
Ctrl+1 = red
Ctrl+2 = green
Ctrl+3 = blue
Ctrl+4 = other path
Ctrl+9 = other path
Ctrl+”~” = CMYK
Ctrl+1 = light green
Ctrl+2 = pink red
Ctrl+3 = yellow
Ctrl+4 = black
Ctrl+5 = other path
Ctrl+9 = other path
Ctrl+1 = Indexed
Ctrl+2 = other path
Ctrl+9 = other path

42. hold Ctrl then you can draw a red box in the Navigator thumbnail for viewing.

43. Hold Alt and click on any of the history steps, that step will be copied and become the most recent one.

44. Alt drag a step from a serial action can copy it to another action.

45. Alt-click the flare preview thumb, and you can fill in numerical co-ordinates for lens flare.

46. Holding Shift + Alt while transforming an object will do it proportionally, from the center.

47. If you have the move tool selected and you want something duplicated just hold the alt key and move the image, holding the Shift + Alt while doing this, it will move it along one axis.

48. If you want to straighten an image that is crooked (maybe from scanning), click on the eyedropper tool or hit the I key 3 times to get the ruler. Click on the left side of the straight edge, then the right side of the straight (but crooked) edge. The choose Image> Rotate Canvas> Arbitrary, Photoshop will give you the degrees of rotation you just click ok.

49. If you create something in Illustrator, copy and paste it in Photoshop, it will ask you if you want this to be a pixel, path, or shape layer.

50. If you have a mask on a layer and you want to place a image in there and keep the mask. Simply open the image, say copy, and then Ctrl click on the layer to select the mask and use Shift + Ctrl + V to paste it into the mask which will also put it on a new layer as well.

51. To center an image, Ctrl + A , Ctrl + X, Ctrl + V, I think it also puts that image on a new layer.

52. Ctrl+E will merge the highlighted layer down to the next

53. When you have a brush selected, using [ or ] will scroll up or down that brush list.

54. Double clicking the zoom tool will make the image 100%, double clicking the hand tool will fit the image to your screen resolution.
55. Typing Content:

Ctrl + H will hide the highlight on your selected type.

If you click once while your type is selected on the font list, you can use your arrows to scroll up and down and see the fonts change on the fly!

Alt + Left or Right arrows will change your tracking in increments of 10
Ctrl + Alt + Left or Right arrows will change your tracking in increments of 100
Ctrl + Alt + Up or Down arrows will change your leading in increments of 10 pts
Shift + Ctrl with < or > will change your font size in increments of 2 pts

56. Ctrl + Alt + T to make a copy of the layer in which you want to transform.

57. Ctrl + Alt + Right arrow. duplicates the layer you are on.

58. Change the active layer : Alt + [ or ].

59. Move the active layer up and down : Ctrl + [ or ].

60. Link 2 layers: with move tool click in the first layer hold Shift and click in the second one.

61. Ctrl+[plus key] will let you zoom in on an image anytime while Ctrl+[minus key] zooms out. Ctrl+Alt+[plus key] will zoom in AND RESIZE the window to fit the image size… same for Ctrl+Alt+[minus key] as well.

62. When using the Polygonal Lasso Tool, click backspace to undo a lasso step.

63. Pressing X will switch the selected foreground and background colors.

64. Pressing D will reset the foreground and backgrounds colors to black and white.

65. If your image has multiple layers, create a Marquee selection and press Ctrl+Shift+Cit won’t work if you selected a hidden layer) will copy the image into memory as if they were flattened! Paste it on a new document to see the result.

66. Ctrl+Alt+Z will do multiple undo, versus just one.

67. Ctrl+click a layer thumbnail to select the layer transparency

68. To see what your layer mask looks like (and edit it), Alt+click its thumbnail in the layers palette

69. Press and hold Ctrl+Alt and click the Help bar with your mouse, drag it down and highlight “About Photoshop” and let go of the left mouse button for a different About Photoshop splash/screen.

70. When using Polygon lasso tool hold Shift to make a perfect line, it goes every 30 degrees

71.Photoshop CS2: Group many layers by clicking the layers you want to group by clicking it while holding the Shift key down, and then press Ctrl+G to group them into a folder for means of better organization.

72. Ctrl+Shift+N creates a new layer with a dialog box; Ctrl+Shift+Alt+N gets you a new layer without the hassle.

73. Back to brush, [ and ] will increase/decrease your brush size, Shift + [ or ] will soften or harden your brush edge.

74. Still in [ and ], Ctrl + [ or ] will move your currently selected layer up and down the hierarchy and Shift + [ or ] will select upper layer or lower layer.

75. Stamp Tool (s) is used to copy an area of image (defined by alt+clicking and area) and paint it somewhere else (cloning). It also works when you have multiple images open at the same time. Alt click an area of any opened file image and paint it anywhere else.

76. After you created a text you can click on font type tab and tap “down” key over and over to scroll through the font list and see the changes in (relatively) real time. A feature that I am tired of waiting to happen in illustrator.

77. Still in text mode, a trick from Microsoft word to apply hi-light to your text hit Ctrl+Shift+ < or > to resize your text, to your preferred font size. Pressing Ctrl key while you are typing also gives you a free transform box temporarily and will go if you release it. Resizing text also works by pressing Ctrl+T (on selected layer, not when you are typing). It still retains as an editable text layer after.

78. And remember, pressing enter when you type will take you to a new line just like typing a letter but pressing Ctrl+Enter or Enter on numeric key will finish what you type.

79. You can drag a layer on to any other opened images in Photoshop and it will copy it as a layer (better than copy and paste image). Holding down Shift while moving it will snap the image right on the center of the other opened image

80. If you are working with sets….

Click on the set, in the blending mode it shows pass through by default… if you have an adjustment layer within a set and you want that adjustment layer to effect those layers underneath it within the set only, set the blending mode of the set to “normal” instead.

CODE

Mentioned before with more explanation:

- Pressed F to switch to 3 different viewing mode… when I first try it I said “wtf? what it’s for?” Well, if you are sick of painting your image on the corners just to find yourself resizing your current image window, with F you can pan way outside your image. Happy corner painting!!

- Create a new file, 500×500 px, create a new layer, get a standard brush and paint a dot on the top center of your image (like the number 12 position on a clock). Press Ctrl+Alt+T, it will duplicate your original layer and free transform the new one. Move the pivot point (the circle with little dot in it found when you are free transforming something) to the center of your image, rotate your image 30 degrees to the right and hit OK to confirm the transform

now………

Be excited……….

Hit Ctrl+Shift+Alt+T 10 times and see what happens!

81. When using the “move tool” you can select any layer by holding down the CTL key(CMD on a Mac) and clicking on the part of the layer on the canvas with your mouse. This way you won’t have to go to the Layers palette every time and you don’t have to keep checking on or off the auto select options for the move tool.

82. You can link up layers without going into the layers palette, by selecting the layer (how I just mentioned above) and holding down CTL + Shift(CMD + SHIT on a Mac) for each additional layer you want to link up. You can unlink them by clicking on the layer again.

83. You can delete more than one layer at a time…….by linking up all the layer you want to delete, and holding down CTL(CMD on a Mac) while you click on the garbage icon to delete the layer.

84. When using the type tool you can ok it by pressing CTL + Enter(CMD + Enter on a Mac) instead of clicking on the check mark on the options.

85. If you have more than one type layer, and want to make any of the following changes color/font/size/alignment/initializing to all of the type layers at the same time…..All you have to do is link up the type layer, hold down the Shift key and in the options for the type tool make your change i.e. color, size, etc.

86. You can use your number pad to change opacity for a layer…. I.e. type 5 and the opacity will be 50; type 55 and the opacity will be 55. You can use the number pad for any tool that uses opacity…like the airbrush tool, stamp tool, brush, gradient, etc.

87. Pressing Tab key will hide the Tools palette and any other palette that you have on the stage. Pressing “F” will change between Full Screen modes. Using these two tips you can view your work Full Screen without any palettes.(You can press CTL+Alt+0 to fit your work to the screen, or you can press CTL+0 to zoom to 100%)

88. Pressing the “+” and “-” keys while holding down CTL+Alt will resize the whole document window, not just the work area.

89. You can delete a layer by holding down the “Alt” key and pressing “L” twice……actually now with Photoshop 7 you got to press “L” three times. It’s not actually a keyboard shortcut, but it’s a quick way to do it….don’t know if it works on a MAC.

90. Pan documents with the space bar.

91. Ctrl+click a layer (in layers palette) to select it’s transparency.

92. Ctrl+Alt+click between 2 layers in the palette to group them.

93. Alt + click in “add layer mask” button to add a black layer mask (instead of a white one).

94. When you select something, pressing Ctrl+J will copy the selected area and add another layer with the copied area – opposing copying the layer, making a new layer, and pasting it.

95. To glue the palettes together (all palettes combined into one strip), you just drag & drop a palette onto the end of another palette (watch the rectangle that indicates where the palette will get attached to).

96. Hold down Alt while Burning to Dodge instead, and vice versa.

97. Ctrl-click a layer to select an objects; alternatively, you may select more than one object/s in more than 1 layer by holding Shift while using the method just mentioned (Ctrl-click). To deselect, just press Ctrl+D.

98. If you have a mini scroll on your mouse, you may use that to zoom in (scroll up) or zoom out (scroll down).

99. Need to locate a layer quick? Use the Move Tool (V) and right click on the area the object lays. There should now be a “cursor-menu” with all the layers that is in that particular area. Now take a good guess and see which one of them fits the shoe; select a layer and Ctrl-Click the layer in the Layer Palette – see if the selection traces the object you desired to edit/find. Useful for those messy people (i.e. me!).

100. Need to get rid of a background quick? Assuming you at least know how to crop around an object, do so. Now press Ctrl+I or Shift+Ctrl+I for Inverse Selection. Press Ctrl+X to %@#!* that part out, and you should be left with the object!

101.
Want to save the time from loading All your Photoshop brushes, when your Photoshop accidentally forgets to load them up (happens to me sometimes)? Select the brush tool, and click the little arrow pointing right (located at the top toolbar), next to the Master Diameter tick. Go down to Preset Manager and now there should be a menu of all the brushes currently loaded. Click on the first brush (top left) and scroll down to the bottom. Now hold Shift and click the last brush (bottom right). This should highlight all the brushes. See the “Save Set” to the right in the menu? Click that and name your brush set whatever you want, for this matter I just name it All (so I remember that this brush set contains all the brushes I currently have loaded, and is located near the top when loading the brushes up).